How Many Cartons on a Pallet?

Calculate how many cartons fit on a pallet from your carton size, with layers, total units and the layer pattern.

Total boxes on the pallet
60
12
Per layer (TI)
5
Layers (HI)
88%
Floor used
65.6 in
Stack height
Load diagram
Top view, 12 per layerSide, 5 layers
boxes / items pallet deckSingle-orientation packing, real pinwheel patterns may fit a few more.

How it works

This calculator fits one uniform carton size onto a single pallet and returns the layer pattern, layer count, and total. Carton and box are loaded the same way here, the difference is just the defaults, sized for the larger cartons common in case-pack and e-commerce freight. The default pallet is the GMA / 48 x 40 in footprint.

The method:

  • Cartons per layer = the better of floor(48 / a) x floor(40 / b) across both flat orientations.
  • Layers = floor(cargo height / carton height), using a 60 in cargo stack by default.
  • Total cartons = cartons per layer x layers.

Larger cartons leave more deck unused, so the per-layer figure and the resulting coverage are where this page earns its keep.

Worked example (page defaults)

Default carton: 14 x 12 x 10 in on a 48 x 40 in GMA pallet.

  • Orientation A: floor(48 / 14) = 3 along the length by floor(40 / 12) = 3 across the width = 3 x 3 = 9 cartons per layer.
  • Orientation B (rotated): floor(40 / 14) = 2 by floor(48 / 12) = 4 = 2 x 4 = 8 cartons per layer, worse, so we keep orientation A.
  • Footprint coverage: 9 cartons x 168 in2 = 1,512 in2 of the 1,920 in2 deck, about 79%.
  • Layers: floor(60 / 10) = 6 layers.
  • Total = 9 x 6 = 54 cartons, a 60 in cargo stack (about 65.6 in including the 5.6 in pallet deck).

At 65.6 in overall this stack clears a 40 ft High Cube container ceiling easily but is worth checking against tighter trailers.

How carton height sets the layer count

Layers depend only on carton height against your cargo limit:

Carton height (in)Layers in 60 inLayers in 50 in
876
1065
1254
1443

Drop to a 50 in cargo target and the 10 in default carton loses a layer (6 to 5), cutting the total from 54 to 45. Always set the cargo height to your real clearance and stack-strength limit before reading the total.

This result assumes uniform cartons in one orientation with no overhang. For a load that also tracks cube and weight against a pallet rating, use the pallet load calculator or the pallet calculator; to test interlocked layer patterns, see the Ti-Hi calculator. For smaller units, the boxes on a pallet page uses the same math with smaller defaults.

Frequently asked questions

How many 14 x 12 x 10 in cartons fit on a pallet?
On a 48 x 40 in GMA pallet, 9 cartons tile one layer (3 along the 48 in length by 3 across the 40 in width). At 10 in tall, 6 layers fit in a 60 in cargo height, for 54 cartons total, with about 79% footprint coverage.
Is a carton different from a box in this calculator?
The math is identical, both are placed as uniform rectangular units in a single orientation. This page simply defaults to larger carton dimensions (14 x 12 x 10 in), while the boxes page defaults to a smaller 12 x 10 x 8 in unit.
Why is the footprint coverage only 79%?
The 14 x 12 in carton does not divide the 48 x 40 in deck evenly, so nine cartons cover 1,512 of 1,920 in2. The leftover 21% is the gap fixed dimensions leave behind; resizing the carton or allowing overhang is the only way to close it.
How do I get more cartons per pallet?
Raise the cargo height if clearance and stack strength allow, each extra 10 in adds a full layer of 9 cartons. Reducing the carton footprint or interlocking alternate layers also helps. The tool reports the no-overhang baseline so you do not over-promise the count.